[114], Transnistria's government has supported the restoration and construction of new Orthodox churches. The Supreme Council is a unicameral legislature. "Representation and democracy in Eurasia's unrecognized states: The case of Transnistria. Some of its most important services are software services such as development, maintenance, and independent validation services to manufacturing, insurance, financial, and other institutions. According to Natalya Gumenyuk, the press secretary of the Ukrainian 'South' Defence Forces, Kyiv has deployed units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine near Transnistria. With 2021 profits over $45 billion and assets topping 5 trillion, the ICBC ranks yet again as the largest lender in the world. Russian-occupied Transnistria announces three-month military training for men starting from March 1. [22] Most Transnistrians have Moldovan citizenship,[23] but many also have Russian, Romanian, or Ukrainian citizenship. International air travellers rely on the airport in Chiinu, the Moldovan capital, or the airport in Odessa, in Ukraine. [79] The PMR government said "the government of Moldova launched a campaign aimed at convincing international observers not to attend" an election held on 11 December 2005 but monitors from the Russian-led Commonwealth of Independent States election monitors ignored that and declared the ballot democratic. Although exercising no direct control over the territory of Transnistria, the Moldovan government passed the "Law on Basic Provisions of the Special Legal Status of Localities from the Left Bank of the Dniester" on 22 July 2005, which established part of Transnistria (territory of Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic without Bender and without territories, which are under control of Moldova) as an autonomous territorial unit within the Republic of Moldova. ! [94], In a NATO resolution on 18 November 2008, Russia was urged to withdraw its military presence from the "Transdnestrian region of Moldova". [86] In the months after the regulations, exports from Transnistria declined drastically. However, no further withdrawal activities have taken place since March 2004 and a further 20,000 tons of ammunition, as well as some remaining military equipment, are still to be removed. In 1992, Transnistria experienced a war that prevailed from March to July. In April 1995, the Soviet 14th Guards Army became the Operational Group of Russian Forces, which by the 2010s had shrunk to two battalions and no more than 1,500 troops. Transnistria, officially the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR), is an unrecognised breakaway state that is internationally recognised as a part of Moldova.Transnistria controls most of the narrow strip of land between the Dniester river and the Moldovan-Ukrainian border, as well as some land on the other side of the river's bank.Its capital and largest city is Tiraspol. Romanian Nationalism in the Republic of Moldova, Kolsto, et al. Transdniester Conflict: Long in the making, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transnistria&oldid=1142771370, Romanian-speaking countries and territories, Russian-speaking countries and territories, Ukrainian-speaking countries and territories, Regions of Europe with multiple official languages, States and territories established in 1990, 1990 establishments in the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, Articles with dead external links from July 2022, Articles with Russian-language sources (ru), Articles with Romanian-language sources (ro), Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles containing Romanian-language text, Articles containing Ukrainian-language text, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the flag caption or type parameters, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2011, Articles needing additional references from August 2018, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2009, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2007, Articles lacking reliable references from April 2017, Articles lacking reliable references from October 2021, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from March 2013, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from October 2010, Articles with dead external links from February 2023, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 47.82% Moldovans, 42.55% Ukrainians, 6.89% Russians, 2.74% others, 29.90% Moldovans, 45.41% Ukrainians, 17.22% Russians, 7.47% others, 50.15% Moldovans, 28.29% Ukrainians, 19.03% Russians, 2.53% others, 64.83% Moldovans, 15.28% Ukrainians, 17.36% Russians, 2.26% others, 41.51% Moldovans, 21.71% Ukrainians, 26.51% Russians, 10.27% others, 18.41% Moldovans, 32.31% Ukrainians, 41.44% Russians, 7.84% others, 25.03% Moldovans, 17.98% Ukrainians, 43.35% Russians, 13.64% others, Citizens of Russia: around 150,000 people (including around 15,000 dual citizens of Belarus, Israel, Turkey); excluding those holding dual citizenship of Russia and of Moldova (around 20,000), Citizens of Ukraine: around 100,000 people, Persons without citizenship: around 20,00030,000 people, Beyer, John, and Stefan Wolff. After a 2005 agreement between Moldova and Ukraine, all Transnistrian companies that seek to export goods through the Ukrainian border must be registered with the Moldovan authorities. [85] EU and several other countries refused to recognise the referendum results. Noida, India 17 miracles snake story +91 9313127275 ; contraction de texte en ligne neeraj@enfinlegal.com [8], According to another source, the largest ethnic groups in 2015 were 161,300 Russians (34%), 156,600 Moldovans (33%), and 126,700 Ukrainians (26.7%). A cafe in Transnistria called Back in the USSR (MEE/Andrei Popoviciu) Tiraspol announced earlier this year its highest ever trade turnover with Russia of more than $820 million. Ukrainians were the third largest ethnic group, representing a 45.41% relative majority in the northern Rbnia District, a 42.6% minority in Camenca, a 33.0% minority in Tiraspol, a 28.3% minority in Dubsari, a 23.4% minority in Slobozia, and a 17.4% minority in Grigoriopol. Ukraine declared that it would import goods from Transnistria only with documents processed by Moldovan customs offices as part of the implementation of the joint customs protocol agreed between Ukraine and Moldova on 30 December 2005. Its capital city is Tiraspol. Ethnic minorities felt threatened by the prospects of removing Russian as the official language, which served as the medium of interethnic communication, and by the possible future reunification of Moldova and Romania, as well as the ethnocentric rhetoric of the Popular Front. Postal Service. 90% of the population of Transnistria are citizens of Transnistria. The company explores for, produces, transports and markets crude oil, natural gas and bitumen for organizations worldwide. junio 12, 2022. cottage for sale in timmins on . The village of Roghi of Molovata Nou Commune is also controlled by the PMR (Moldova controls the other nine of the 10 villages of the six communes). This shift towards the EU market continued to grow in 2016.[138]. The German retail chains Aldi and Quelle, . According to the government of Transnistria, the 2007 GDP was 6789 mln ruble (appx US$799million) and the GDP per capita was about US$1,500. In the autumn of 2006, the Transnistrian leadership agreed to let an OSCE inspectorate examine the munitions and further access was agreed moving forward. The short form is Pridnestrovie (Russian: , pronounced[pr.dn.stro.vju]; Romanian: Nistrenia, Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet: ,[38] pronounced[nis.tre.ni.ja]; Ukrainian: ', Prydnistrovia, pronounced[pr.dni.str.j]), meaning "[land] by the Dniester". In early 1988, PFM demanded that the Soviet authorities declare Moldovan the only state language, return to the use of the Latin alphabet, and recognise the shared ethnic identity of Moldovans and Romanians. Misc. [133][134] In November 2007, the total debt of Transnistria's public sector was up to US$1.64billion. This Company signed a $1.7 billion loan agreement with China Development Bank for two huge housing developments in San Francisco. The 1992 cease-fire agreement between Moldova and Transnistria established a Russian "peacekeeper" presence in Transnistria and a 1,200-member Russian military contingent is present in Transnistria. The state terrorists has left their bloody footprints in many places. It also depends. Moldova and the Dniestr Region: Contest Past, Frozen Present, Speculative Futures? The oldest alcohol producer KVINT, located in Tiraspol, produces and exports brandy, wines and vodka. Royal Dutch Shell Following the collapse of the former Soviet Union, the Russian 14th Army left 40,000 tons of weaponry and ammunition in Transnistria. [146], The OSCE mission to Moldova has urged local authorities in the Transnistrian city of Rbnia to return a confiscated building to the Moldovan Latin script school in the city. In 2001, in one region it was reported that Igor Smirnov collected 103.6% of the votes. [89] However, even after 2002, the Russian parliament did not ratify the Istanbul accords. [115] In 2007, the US-based Christian Broadcasting Network denounced the persecution of Protestants in Transnistria. C Cuciurgan power station G Gazprombank (Transnistria) I Intercentre Lux Interdnestrcom K KVINT M Moldova Steel Works S Sheriff (company) T Tiraspoltransgas Tirotex The GDP increased by 11.1% and inflation rate was 19.3% with the GDP per capita now being $2,140, higher than Moldova's GDP per capita that is $2,040. Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabian Oil Company) went public barely two years back in 2019, and it is the world's second-largest company with a market cap of 2.206 Trillion dollars. In April 1990, nationalist mobs attacked ethnic Russian members of parliament, while the Moldovan police refused to intervene or restore order.[50]. [48], The nationalist Popular Front won the first free parliamentary elections in the Moldavian SSR in early 1990,[49] and its agenda started slowly to be implemented. All UN member states consider Transnistria a legal part of the Republic of Moldova. [46], On 31 August 1989, the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian SSR adopted Moldovan as the official language with Russian retained only for secondary purposes, returned Moldovan to the Latin alphabet, and declared a shared Moldovan-Romanian linguistic identity. She revealed this information on Monday, February 27, to the Rada TV channel. It includes ten cities and towns, and 69 communes, with a total of 147 localities (counting the unincorporated ones as well). A first round of swingeing culls hit the technology sector in November. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Fifteen villages from the 11 communes of Dubsari District, including Cocieri and Dorocaia that geographically belong to Transnistria, have been under the control of the central government of Moldova after the involvement of local inhabitants on the side of Moldovan forces during the War of Transnistria. Its annual turnover amounts to approximately $400 billion. Over the years, Moldova has largely permitted Russian officers and soldiers to transit the airport on their way to Transnistria, though occasionally it blocked those that were not clearly identified as international peacekeepers or who failed to give sufficient advance notice. The Transnistria War followed armed clashes on a limited scale that broke out between Transnistrian separatists and Moldova as early as November 1990 at Dubsari. Russian troops stationed in parts of Moldova except Transnistria since the time of the USSR were fully withdrawn to Russia by January 1993. The city is located on the . [85] The largest company in the textile industry is Tirotex, which claims to be the second largest textile company in Europe. The Ministry of Defense (MOD) of Moldova dismissed earlier the rumors about preparing a military operation in Transnistria. Remark that we have left two companies out of this top for technical reasons. [143], According to a US Department of State report for 2006, "Both of the region's major newspapers were controlled by the authorities. What they do: Launched in 2012, ConocoPhillips is an oil and gas company with operations in more than 17 countries. Walmart also led ranking of companies by revenue in 2022, with a total revenue of about 600. Transnistria has warm summers and cool to cold winters. In later years there were concerns[who?] [43] The most prominent of these movements was the Popular Front of Moldova. European . The political regime has been described as one of "super-presidentialism". Four of these schools were forcibly closed by the authorities, who claimed this was due to the refusal of the schools to apply for official accreditation. Germans accounted for 1,400 or 0.3% and Poles for 1,000 or 0.2%. This law effectively terminates the "Agreement on transit of Russian military units temporarily located on the territory of the Republic of Moldova through the territory of Ukraine" dated 4 December 1998. territorial unit: Stinga Nistrului (Transnistria)", "Council of Europe Designates Transnistria 'Russian Occupied Territory', Constitution of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, Moldova, Transnistria and European Democracy Policies, European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine (EUBAM), "Background EU Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine", "Education and Information the golden passport for young Transnistrians", "Transnistria: Russia's satellite state an open wound in Eastern Europe", "Frozen Conflicts in the Black Sea-South Caucasus Region", "Head of Foreign Ministry of the Republic of South Ossetia congratulated Minister of Foreign Affairs of the PMR with Sixth Anniversary of Creation of Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations", "Moldova's Energy Strategy and the 'Frozen Conflict' of Transnistria", " : ", " 20 ", ": : , , ", " , , ", " , ", "Union of Moldavians in Transnistria: We have no grounds to distrust Smirnov", "Romania and The Nazi-Soviet war, 19411944", "Stalinist terror in Soviet Moldavia, by Igor Casu", The painful past retold Social memory in Azerbaijan and Gagauzia, , Moldova Matters: Why Progress is Still Possible on Ukraine's Southwestern Flank, Netherlands Institute of International Relations The OSCE Moldova and Russian diplomacy 2003, "Talk conditions of Transnistria on March 2011", "The futiliy of the negotiations on Transnistria", "Transnistria wants to merge with Russia", "Moldova's Trans-Dniester region pleads to join Russia", "Dniester public organizations ask Russia to consider possibility of Transnistria accession", Moldovan Mission seeks solution to Dorotcaia's bitter harvest, Locuitorii satului Vasilievca de pe malul stng al Nistrului triesc clipe de comar, "Transnistrian Militia Withdrew Its Posts from Vasilievca", "PMR Supreme Council (Parliament of Transnistria's official website)". Most of the companies were able to recover from this turnaround while others simply packed their bags. The major centre of Bulgarians in Transnistria is the large village of Parcani (situated between the cities of Tiraspol and Bender), which had an absolute Bulgarian majority and a total population of around 10,000. The leading industry is steel, due to the Moldova Steel Works (part of the Russian Metalloinvest holding) in Rbnia, which accounts for about 60% of the budget revenue of Transnistria. On 4 March, Transnistria responded by blocking the Moldovan and Ukrainian transport at the borders of Transnistria. [104] The Moldovan authorities called these events a provocation aimed at destabilising the situation in the region. [76] During the 2006 presidential election, the registration of opposition candidate Andrey Safonov was delayed until a few days before the vote, so that he had little time to conduct an election campaign. The breakaway Moldovan region of Transnistria has probably the largest weapons depots in eastern Europe. Compass Group (United . rochester police news; digitalocean load balancer health check kubernetes; 12. Over the course of two days, 67 July 1949, a plan named "Operation South" saw the deportation of over 11,342 families by order of the Moldavian Minister of State Security, Iosif Mordovets. [40] During the Romanian occupation of 194144, between 150,000 and 250,000 Ukrainian and Romanian Jews were deported to Transnistria; the majority were executed or died from other causes in ghettos and concentration camps of the Governorate. [105] They have 18 tanks, 107 armoured personnel carriers, 73 field guns, 46 anti-aircraft installations, and 173 tank destroyer units. Elections take place within a multi-party system. Andrei Panici. Following a large scale privatisation process in the late 1990s,[117] most of the companies in Transnistria are now privately owned. Moldovans were the largest ethnic group, representing an overall majority in the two districts in the central Transnistria (Dubsari District, 50.2%, and Grigoriopol District, 64.8%) a 47.8% relative majority in the northern Camenca District, and a 41.5% relative majority in the southern (Slobozia District). The region's origins can be traced to the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which was formed in 1924 within the Ukrainian SSR. The banking sector of Transnistria consists of 8 commercial banks, including Gazprombank. Transnistria, which is also known as the Prednestrovian Moldavian Republic, is under the leadership of President Vadim Krasnoselsky. According to the decree of its creation, most of the 14th Guards Army's military equipment was to be retained by Moldova. This is the list of the largest companies in the NASDAQ Composite index by market capitalization. During World War II, the Soviet Union took parts of the Moldavian ASSR, which was dissolved, and of the Kingdom of Romania's Bessarabia to form the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940. "[144], Public education in the Romanian language (officially called Moldovan language in Transnistria) is done using the Soviet-originated Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet. The first three are oriented toward exports, while Inter RAO UES delivers gas to Transniester and Moldova. The company is the second-largest IT company in India and top 10 IT Companies after TCS by the revenue figures of 2021. [77][78] Some sources consider election results suspect. The Russian army has a military base, a large ammunition dump and about 1,500 soldiers stationed in Transnistria, stating that they are there as "peacekeepers". The security situation inside it is subject to the Joint Control Commission rulings. It is an. 's education is listed on their profile. Elections in Transnistria are not recognised by international bodies such as the European Union, as well as numerous individual countries, who called them a source of increased tensions. [152], Coordinates: 4650N 2937E / 46.833N 29.617E / 46.833; 29.617. Oil & Gas Development Company: Islamabad: US$5.6 billion (2022) Petroleum: US$657 million: DG Cement: Lahore: Construction: US$21 million (2016) Nishat Mills . North and south of Dubsari it passes through the lands of the villages controlled by Moldova (Dorocaia, Cocieri, Roghi, while Vasilievca is entirely situated east of the road). One of the reasons for the creation of the Moldavian ASSR was the desire of the Soviet Union at the time to eventually incorporate Bessarabia. This list may not reflect recent changes . 1 It is wildly popular among cryptocurrency enthusiasts and speculative. Number of employees worldwide (in 1,000s) Volkswagen (Germany) 671.21. Tiraspol is the second largest city in Moldova and is the capital and administrative centre of the de facto independent Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Transnistria). The ethnic composition of the region has been unstable in recent history, with the most notable change being the decreasing share of Moldovan and Jewish population segments and increase of the Russian.