Membership in the Associators differed greatly from membership the militia, for, technically, enrollment in the Associators was voluntary, while membership in the militia was strictly compulsory with the obligation legally defined. Organized in spring 1777 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from Philadelphia City and Berks, Chester, Philadelphia and Northumberland Counties. Having dashed ahead to destroy the bridge, Horry and his men were positioned fifty yards across the river. In addition, he sent a pass for the safe passage of the wounded and their attendants. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. During 1777, the regiment participated in the Philadelphia Campaign and fought at the Battles of Brandywine (11 Sept.) and Germantown (4 Oct.). At Brandywine, the women of the 6th Pennsylvania were cited for their bravery under fire while bringing water to the men. 14 cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Rangers, who served long enlistments on the frontier against the Indians. Soldiers remaining in the regiment were reassigned to other units and eventually sent south to take part in the Yorktown Campaign. As Thompson's Rifle Battalion, the regiment participated in the siege of Boston. On January 1, 1777, the survivors of the 5th Battalion, along with exchanged prisoners and new recruits, were reorganized into the 6th Pennsylvania. About Us | Contact Us | Copyright | Report Inappropriate Material After spending the winter of 1777-1778 at Valley Forge with the other regiments of the Pennsylvania Line, the 11th Pennsylvania took part in the campaign across New Jersey which followed. For example, men listed on the permanent roll as belonging to the 2nd Class of the 7th Company of the 6th Battalion would in the active duty battalion be automatically placed in the 6th Company of the 2nd (Active Duty) Battalion. Nine miles from Georgetown, the harried regiment approached the Sampit River. Only in extreme cases was any individual militia man required to drill with his neighbors as many as twelve times each year, and at most he was called upon to perform during the entire course of the war, two or possibly three, short tours of active duty. Other examples of this type of service include the large numbers of Pennsylvania militia employed in the summer and autumn of 1777 to oppose the British invasion at Brandywine and on the flanks at the battle of Germantown, though in neither case did they actually see action. The Pennsylvanians assigned to the fort, mostly from the Musket Battalion, are among those captured. Essentially, the old 2nd Pennsylvania ceased to exist before the final campaign in Virginia and South Carolina, although former members of the regiment were battle casualties at Green Springs on July 6 and Yorktown in October. The situation was not good. A man who failed to report for drill merely paid an The regiment was raised in Cumberland and York counties (companies G and H). Please enable scripts and reload this page. PHMC > Archives > Research Online > Bedford County Revolutionary War Militia. Jacob Weaver's Independent Company, Consolidated on November 7, 1777 with the. In formal battles it provided unblemished flank security, but it was even better in rear battle by conducting deep raids against British logistical bases. Translate. The Regiment was authorized on January 22, 1777 in the Continental Army as Capt. Such men of the Pennsylvania Line as became disabled in service but were found capable of light garrison duty were transferred to this special continental regiment. General financial confusion and the collapse of wartime currencies made prompt payment impossible, but eventually, under an act of April 1, 1784, Pennsylvania compensated such payment for their active service and settled accounts with certain other public creditors by passing to them interesting bearing Volume Reel 0821 American Revolutionary War Service Records; Soldiers--United States--Registers Pennsylvania, Sixth Battalion (1776) Sixth Regiment: L - Z. This account has been disabled. Muster rolls of the navy and line, militia and rangers, 1775-1783:198-220 Intemediate Sources: USGENwebArchives Transcribed by Christina Hunt Archive.org, OCR Transcription. Colonel John Bull was appointed colonel on May 2, 1777, but was succeeded on June 17 by Colonel Walter Stewart. Reorganized and re-designated on January 1, 1777 as the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment, to consist of 8 companies. Relieved on August 31, 1776 from Stirling's Brigade and assigned to Mifflin's Brigade, an element of the. In the original concept rangers were full-time soldiers employed by the colonial governments to "range" between fixed frontier fortifications as a reconnaissance system to provide early warning of hostile raids. Colonel Brodhead is placed in command of the consolidated forces and ordered by General Washington to withdraw to Manhattan. The battalion colonels, lieutenant colonels, and majors were called to active duty in a specific order. These sharpshooters were proving to be so successful that Watson felt compelled by noon to redeploy his regiment to a large open field about a half-mile away. Col. Henry Bicker was appointed in his place but did not actually join the regiment until the following October. With France entering the conflict on the side of the new United States in May, the British abandoned Philadelphia and moved across New Jersey to the more easily defended stronghold of New York City. Following a disastrous expedition to Quebec, Canada, and his subsequent capture and parole as a prisoner, Morgan was appointed a colonel of a rifle regiment. Men who served with Regiment and continued their service saw action at Yorktown and mopping up operations in South Carolina. At the Battle of Monmouth, on June 28, 1778, it was one of the three Pennsylvania regiments in the force which Aaron Burr led in a late-afternoon assault on the flank of a British counterattacking column. Minute Men, on call for special duty at short notice, but no evidence of the existence of such a corps in Pennsylvania survives. Relieved on April 27, 1776 from Green's Brigade and assigned to the. By December 8, a remnant of the First Battalion was at New Germantown, New Jersey, but the bulk of the men had been mustered out of service. Under the Militia Act of 1777, the numbering of the militia units changed every three years though the composition of each unit recruited from a given area tended to remain more or less the same except for casualties and new recruits. Consolidated and reorganized on July 1, 1778 with the. With little winter clothing and half their muskets unservicable, the men struggled by foot, sloop, and bateaux into Canada, their strength sharply reduced by sickness. It is believed and written by many that when the time came for the colonies to fight for their independence, the American Rangers were ready. To a degree, when one looks to the likes of Francis Marion, The Swamp Fox, that may be true. October 4, 1777 - Possibly because of their service at Brandywine, Conway's Brigade was chosen to lead the main column of Washington's army in the attack on the British at Germantown. With his men in a panic and the number of wounded and suffering growing, Watson shelved his pride and addressed a letter to Marion not only requesting permission to send seven of his most seriously wounded through the lines but once again alluding to the fact that Watson believed Marion was conducting himself in a manner contrary to civilized war. Most of the Associators now disbanded. Pennsylvania, [1] For a full account of the social factors and legislation that this article draws from, see Arthur J. Alexander, "Pennsylvania's Revolutionary Militia," Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 69:1 (January 1945 ), 15-25. Largely due to its Quaker roots, Pennsylvania did not initially (like neighboring colonies) form a standing militia. Strafford County, Franklin County, Various state governments did employ such units for local frontier security, but the Continental Army formed very few, in part because George Washington considered frontier security to be a local responsibility and focused national military forces on opposing regular British and German units in a formal battlefield context. Please contact Find a Grave at [emailprotected] if you need help resetting your password. But the bluff was too high and the artillery canister just passed overhead of the defenders on the east bank when fired. Mifflinburg, During the afternoon the forces under General John Sullivan fought with the enemy for almost two hours near Birmingham Meeting House. Originally fielded by the French to counter Austrian irregulars recruited in the Balkans, they filled a unique niche by providing deep security around an army in the field or carried out raids behind enemy lines. Reorganized and re-designated 1 January 1, 1777 as the 3rd Pennsylvania Regiment, to consist of 8 companies. December 19, 1777 - After an encampment of almost six weeks at Whitemarsh, Pennsylvania the army moved into its winter quarters at Valley Forge where they would remain for the next six months. USA. For purposes of administration and drill, The mix of mounted and dismounted men gave it somewhat greater staying power in independent firefights while also allowing rapid forced marches (each light infantryman held on to a dragoon's stirrups). Captured in part on November 16, 1776 by the British Army at Fort Washington, New York. About; Leadership; Public Information; Contact; Join; . On the brink of war, the Continental Congress passed a resolution on 14 June 1775, on what is known as Flag Day, that "six companies of expert riflemen be immediately raised in Pennsylvania, two in Maryland, and two in Virginia." Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. Pennsylvania, In 1779, the 6th Pennsylvania was part of the force commanded by "Mad" Anthony Wayne that stormed the British fortifications at Stony Point, NY (16 July). The American revolutionaries were not without their Rangers, despite Rogers' support of the Crown. During the summer, the 11th Pennsylvania was assigned to the 2d Brigade of Anthony Wayne's division. Samuel Morehead's Independent Company, an element of the. Commanded by Dan Morgan, this Ranger force was singled out by British General John Burgoyne, the commander of British forces intent on isolating the New England colonies, as the most famous corps of the Continental Army, all of them crack shots.. Swamp to his left and right, passage blocked to the front and Marion closing in from the rear, Watson had to quickly choose whether to flee or fight. This was in spite of the fact that he "is detested by the officer's of his brigade because he makes his brigade work and personally drills and instructs it, instead of leaving it idle in camp. Relieved on May 19, 1778 from the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade and assigned to the. The County Lieutenants ensured that militia units turned out for military exercises, provided the militia units with arms and equipment at the expense of the state, located substitutes for those who declined to serve, and assessed and collected the militia fines. Within each county, the colonels drew lots for their individual rank, which was then assigned to their battalion as First Battallion, Second Battalion, Third Battalion, etc. Sending forth his Loyalist cavalry to cross the causeway, Marion met the charge with one of his own led by Peter Horry and his mounted men. In fact over the period of several years the 3d South Carolina Regiment gradually evolved into a line infantry regiment. The traditional ranger usage reached its peak during the French and Indian War. USA. September 11, 1777 - Stirling's Division takes part in the action on the right of Washington's army during the battle of Brandywine. This data collection contains an estimated 80,000 application files from officers and enlisted men who served in the Revolutionary War in all branches of the American military: army, navy, and marines. Most of Whitcomb's men came from New Hampshire and the Hampshire Grants (now Vermont). With knowledge of the land, James and his men were able to secure the bridge before the arrival of Watsons dragoons. Diarist Joseph Plumb Martin described him as "an excellent officer, much beloved and respected by the troops of the Line he belonged to.". Joshua William's Independent Company. When Washington authorized Gist's Additional Continental Regiment in 1777 he intended to man it with a mixture of Caucasian southern frontiersmen and members of the Cherokee and related tribes. Though they held military titles, these were actually civilian officers not to be confused with the military officers holding the same ranks in the Continental Army. South Carolina and Georgia each raised mounted ranger units in 1775-1776, but when they became part of the Continental Army during the summer of 1776 they transformed into mounted infantry. Following the British practice of calling a regiment after its commander, this battalion came to be called Thompson's Rifle Battalion. In offensive operations they became scouts and guides, locating targets (such as villages) for task forces drawn from the militia or other colonial troops. Curtailing his attempt to clear the far side first, Watson formed his men in column and ordered the first column forward with its captain out front. Proudly founded in 1681 as a place of tolerance and freedom. Brief History of the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment of 1777. List of 10,000 Revolutionary Soldiers 1775-1783. This arrangement represents more of a means of organizing manpower from specific geographical localities rather than reflecting the activity of acting military units that were drawn from this manpower pool. On June 10, 1777, the Pennsylvania Assembly, following the advice of the Supreme Executive Council of the state, transferred the state regiment to Continental service. These volunteer companies made up the Revolutionary War General. 1st United States President, Revolutionary War Mount Vernon, They also helped garrison Fort Pitt, Fort Henry, and a number of smaller posts. Exemptions were extremely limited, and an estimated 60,000 men were enrolled. Morgan would continue to fight in support of the American Revolution in a number of significant battles, including the battle at Cowpens, South Carolina, on 17 January 1781. Donation Land in certain western counties, land that remained free from taxation so long as the soldier lived and retained ownership. Four men running forward to recover his body were also killed in sequence. Only during a brief period in the winter of 1777-1778 did the Continental Army experiment with the idea of employing them as a shock force. The geographical boundaries for each district were drawn so as to raise between 440 to 680 men fit for active duty as determined by information contained in the local tax rolls. Undaunted, the British Regulars held their ground, unlimbered their field cannon, and repelled the attack. At the outbreak of hostilities between the Crown and the colonies in 1775 the Pennsylvania Assembly opposed any form of mandatory military service. Deleting this Virtual Cemetery cannot be undone. However, the men who remained in service were all redistributed among all these units and this establishment was mostly on paper. The financial difficulties of the new government, difficulties that lasted into the 1790's, complicated the payment of troops. The Continental Army's other light troops sprang from a relatively new European concept not the native American ranger tradition. Organized between January 2- late March 1776 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from Philadelphia City and Berks, Bucks Chester and Philadelphia Counties. History affords no instance wherein an officer has kept possession of a country under so many disadvantages as you have; surrounded on every side with a superior force; hunted from every quarter with veteran troops, you have found means to elude all their attempts, and to keep alive the expiring hopes of an oppressed Militia, when all succor seemed to be cut off. Reorganized on July 1, 1778 to consist of 9 companies. Whitcomb's Rangers started as a similar provisional unit on the Lake Champlain front in 1776. Organized between January 8- March 20, 1776 at Carlisle to consist of 8 companies from Cumberland and York Counties. These nine companies were to form a battalion to be commanded by Col. William Thompson of Carlisle, Pennsylvania. To the plantations Whig owner, Watson acknowledged he had never seen such shooting before in his life. While Watson established his headquarters in the plantation house, Marion and his men bivouacked in the woods of the ridge south of the ford. Powder Horns. On these permanent billet rolls the men in each company were listed as being either part of the first class, second class, third class, etc. The Regiment was authorized on March 15, 1777 in the Pennsylvania State Troops as Capt. Mounting a second animal, he ordered his artillery to open fire with grapeshot. These certificates (bonds in the modern sense) were ultimately redeemed at face value. In the Western Department, the unit helped construct and garrison Fort McIntosh on the Beaver River, and Fort Laurens on the Tuscarawas. The Pennsylvania Riflemen are sent to the left near Flatbush and the Musketeers are sent to the right with General Alexander. Filename: Description: Date: Submitter: Revolutionary War: 1bat1782.txt : Rev War: 1782 - First Battalion, Washington County: May 1998: m. Burns: Frontier Rangers/Militia American Revolutionary War From Bedford County Despite the fact that a totally comprehensive collection is not available, a number of rosters of Patriots of the American Revolutionary War from Bedford County, Pennsylvania have survived. Refusal to turn out for military exercises would result in a fine, the proceeds from which were used to hire substitutes. The regiment would see action during the New York Campaign, Battle of Brandywine, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Monmouth and the Sullivan Expedition. Capt. Certificates of the funded or Militia Debt. Arriving from Ireland Kauffman, A County Lieutenant holding the rank of colonel was responsible for implenenting the law with the assistence of sub-lieutenants who held the rank of lieutenant colonel. As Marions men turned back from the fires, Watson loaded two wagons with wounded. USA. There they remained until the 6th Pennsylvania was mustered out on March 15, 1777. On June 19, 1778, the Continental Army left Valley Forge in pursuit and engaged the British in the Battle of Monmouth on an extremely hot June 28. The 7th Pennsylvania marched with Brig. And, they were still separate from the militias sanctioned by Pennsylvania's Provincial Assembly. To cross it would put Watson deep within the heartland of the Whig resistance. It should be noted that these fines were not necessarily intended to be punitive. The Regiment was authorized on September 16, 1776 in the Continental Army as the 10th Pennsylvania Regiment. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. It spent the rest of the year in garrison at West Point and probably wintered at Morristown. The 1st Partisan Corps under the Frenchman "Colonel Armand" (the marquis de la Rouerie) and the 2d under Lee both drew assignments in Major General Nathanael Greene's Southern Department. In Pennsylvania, the Associators once again stepped up to fill these roles, but the cost and commitment of their near continuous service were growing burdensome. In January 1776, the eight companies of the newly-formed battalion began leaving the state to participate in Benedict Arnold's ill-fated attempt to capture Quebec. Captured by one of Rogers scouting units and personally escorted to confinement by Rogers, himself, the great American patriot Hale would be tried and hung from the gallows shortly thereafter, as a traitor, but not before uttering his immortal declaration, I only regret that I have one life to lose for my country.. The 12th Pennsylvania Regiment also known as Northumberland Defense Battalion was raised August 23, 1776 at Sunbury, Pennsylvania as a state militia regiment and later for service with the Continental Army. Benjamin Church (1639-1718) of Massachusetts developed a special full-time unit mixing white colonists selected for frontier skills with friendly Indians to carry out offensive strikes against hostile Indians in terrain where normal militia units were ineffective. Organized in spring 1777 at Kittanning to consist of 8 companies from Westmoreland County. Remainder of Regiment reorganized and re-designated on January 1, 1777 as the 4th Pennsylvania Regiment, an element of the, Relieved on July 18, 1778 from the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade and assigned to the, New York Brigade relieved on May 24, 1779 from the, Relieved on August 24, 1779 from the New York Brigade and assigned to Hand's Brigade, an element of the, Relieved on August 1, 1780 from Hand's Brigade and assigned to 1st Pennsylvania Brigade, an element of the. Or were they Associators? An online listing of officers in the (these are free with registration) Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 from National Archives (NARA) microfilm publication M246. During the winter of 1776-1777 the Association collapsed, and the Assembly replaced it with a militia system which, though imperfect, proved better adapted to Pennsylvania's needs. July to August 1777 - With the rest of Washington's army the 6th Regiment marched back and forth across New Jersey and into New York and Pennsylvania while trying to ascertain the destination of General Howe's army, which had embarked on the British fleet. Col. DeHaas was promoted to a brigadier general in February and was replaced by Col. James Irvine, who resigned in June. When the classes were called up, each captain would deliver a notice to each man's dwelling or place of business. It remained at Ticonderoga voluntarily until November 13 (three weeks beyond its term of service) to await the arrival of replacement troops. Reorganized and re-designated on January 1, 1777 as the 5th Pennsylvania Regiment, to consist of 8 companies. The Regiment was authorized on January 30, 1776 in the continental Army as Capt. Another sixty-six enlisted men were sick, and thirty-one were on detached service. These concerns were overcome and the regiment joined the army later in the month. Morgans losses were placed at twelve killed and sixty-one wounded. 14 cemeteries found in will be saved to your photo volunteer list. who served in the war of the American Revolution, 1775-1783 It was assigned on August 12, 1776 to Stirling's Brigade, an element of the Main Army. "Pennsylvania Rifle: Revolutionary Weapon in a Conventional War." Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 103 (July 1979), pp. The individuals who volunteered at this time were formed into battalions by county and were known as "Flying Camps" that served on active duty until November 30, 1776. Occasionally, militia reinforcements from Cumberland, Lancaster, and York counties would be brought in to reinforce these frontiers as occurred in the summer of 1778. On November 3, 1783, after a distinguished career, the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment was officially mustered out in Philadelphia, then capital of the United States of America. For a more detailed account of how the Pennsylvania militia system worked see "The Pennsylvania Militia in 1777" by Hannah Benner Roach in Continental bills of Credit, which quickly lost value. It was during this action that the "wives of several of the soldiers belonging to the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment took the empty canteens of their husbands and friends and returned them filled with waterduring the hottest part of the engagement, although frequently cautioned as to the danger of coming into the line of fire.". Sullivan in his campaign against the Iroquois in western Pennsylvania. Within the formation were the wagons, periodically stopping to gather more wounded or dead. The Regiment was authorized on December 9, 1775 in the Continental Army as the 2d Pennsylvania Battalion. This was the second unit raised by the state (the first was "The Pennsylvania Rifle Battalion") and was enrolled for a term of one year. Revolutionary War Pension Payment Ledgers, 1818-1872 from NARA microfilm publication T718. PHMC. The regiment was disbanded on January 17, 1781 at Trenton, New Jersey. The 7th Pennsylvania was part of the force that attacked the blockhouse under Wayne at Bergen Heights on july 21, 1780. John Pugh's Independent Company to guard Powder Mill at French Creek. To make amends for such depreciation, each of these men who in 1781 yet remained in line service was awarded a substantial sum in U.S., Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files, 1800-1900. You can always change this later in your Account settings. October 28, 1776 The Battle of White Plains. The whole force retreated to Isle Aux Noix and then to Crown Point, reached on July 1. Associators remained independent of the Continental (Pennsylvania) Line which was comprised of regular, enlisted infantrymen. These groups assisted state-controlled - yet still temporary - militias. The regiment was furloughed January 17, 1781 at Trenton, New Jersey and disbanded on January 1, 1783. The regiment lost two men wounded in this action. President Joe Biden signed a presidential determination authorizing the use of Defense Production Act Title III authorities to rebuild and expand the nations domestic hypersonics industrial base. Perry County, Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. 1st Battalion, 1777-1780 .
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