The following day the Allies made repeated attempts to destroy the German pontoon bridges, but German fighter aircraft, ground fire and Luftwaffe flak batteries with the panzer forces destroyed 56 percent of the attacking Allied aircraft while the bridges remained intact. Score 1 User: What was the Blitzkrieg? [citation needed], Although effective in quick campaigns against Poland and France, mobile operations could not be sustained by Germany in later years. [134] Hitler needed to avoid war until these projects were complete but his misjudgements in 1939 forced Germany into war before rearmament was complete. Score 1 User: what move made by hitler in 1936 violated the treaty of versailles Weegy: In 1936, Hitler violated the Treaty of Versailles by moving troops into the Rhineland demilitarized zone. [38][39] The four editions of Field Service Regulations published after 1918 held that only combined-arms operations could create enough fire power to enable mobility on a battlefield. Hitler had intended for a rapid unlimited war to occur much later than 1939, but Germany's aggressive foreign policy forced the Nazi state into war before it was ready. Blitzkrieg (/ b l t s k r i / BLITS-kreeg, German: [bltskik] (); from Blitz 'lightning' + Krieg 'war') is a word used to describe a surprise attack using a rapid, overwhelming force concentration that may consist of armored and motorized or mechanized infantry formations, together with close air support, that has the intent to break through the opponent's lines of defense . = 2 1/4. At first, the German Blitzkrieg seemed to succeed. While the Nazi military strategy of blitzkrieg was wildly successful in most of Europe, it failed in both Britain and the Soviet Union. He developed Plan 1919 for massive, independent tank operations, which he claimed were subsequently studied by the German military. Following Germany's military reforms of the 1920s, Heinz Guderian emerged as a strong proponent of mechanized forces. [80] Guderian said that the tank deployment was "on too small a scale to allow accurate assessments to be made". [50], In 1916 General Alexei Brusilov had used surprise and infiltration tactics during the Brusilov Offensive. The paralysis of command and the breakdown of morale were not made the ultimate aim of the German ground and air forces, and were only incidental by-products of the traditional maneuvers of rapid encirclement and of the supporting activities of the flying artillery of the Luftwaffe, both of which had as their purpose the physical destruction of the enemy troops. When the Allies counter-attacked at Arras using the heavily-armored British Matilda I and Matilda II tanks, a brief panic ensued in the German High Command. In hindsightand with some help from Liddell Hartthis torrent of action was squeezed into something it never was: an operational design. 24 in. The reason for Hitler's spectacular early success in WWII was a brazen new style of warfare known as Blitzkrieg, a combination of the German words for "lightning" (blitz) and "war" (krieg) coined by Western journalists who were floored by the speed and ferocity of the Nazi attack."The Blitzkrieg shocked the world," says Kirchubel, "that an enemy army could be defeated so quickly and that . Committees of veteran staff officers were formed within the Truppenamt to evaluate 57 issues of the war to revise German operational theories. By the end of the war, Germany found itself defeated by the strategic (Schwerpunkt) and tactical (Kesselschlacht) concepts that had initially brought it such success. "If the tanks succeed, then victory follows", he wrote. What makes this story worth telling is the development of one idea: the blitzkrieg. In what region of the world did World War II begin in 1937? [citation needed], Blitzkrieg had been called a Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) but many writers and historians have concluded that the Germans did not invent a new form of warfare but applied new technologies to traditional ideas of Bewegungskrieg (maneuver warfare) to achieve decisive victory. Germany became embroiled in a long war, leading ultimately to its defeat in May 1945. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. "Blitzkrieg," a German word meaning Lightning War, was Germanys strategy to avoid a long war in the first phase of World War II in Europe. Such bombing campaigns were regarded as diversion from the Luftwaffe's main operations; destruction of the enemy armed forces. In his 1950 book, Panzer Leader, he wrote: In this year, 1929, I became convinced that tanks working on their own or in conjunction with infantry could never achieve decisive importance. In fact, it simply doesnt exist, at least not in the way we usually think it does. [96][97] On the ground, four German panzer groups outflanked and encircled disorganized Red Army units, while the marching infantry completed the encirclements and defeated the trapped forces. In what region of the world did World War II begin in 1937? -is what's meant by the phrase "The domesticated generations fell Weegy: A suffix is added to the end of a word to alter its meaning. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. Fighter-bomber attacks on German formations made movement during daylight almost impossible. In smaller countries or countries engaged in internal strife, according to Clausewitzs reasoning, the capital becomes the centre of gravity and should be identified as the Schwerpunkt. Hitler's correspondence with his economists also reveals that his intent was to wage war in 19431945, when the resources of central Europe had been absorbed into Nazi Germany. what was the blitzkrieg weegy. Clausewitz called that concentration the Schwerpunkt (centre of gravity) where it was most dense, identifying it as the effective target for attack. After the war Liddell Hart imposed his own perceptions, after the event, claiming that the mobile tank warfare practiced by the Wehrmacht was a result of his influence. = 15 * 3/20 Blitzkrieg are an English heavy metal band formed in Leicester in 1980. Allowing newly added territories to the United States to decide for themselves on the slavery issue -was the idea behind popular sovereignty in the mid-1800s. Weegy: Blitzkrieg was a swift intensive military attack, using tanks supported by aircraft, designed to defeat the opposition quickly.User: What was the Blitzkrieg? [34] Seeckt inspired a revision of Bewegungskrieg (maneuver warfare) thinking and its associated Auftragstaktik, in which the commander expressed his goals to subordinates and gave them discretion in how to achieve them; the governing principle was "the higher the authority, the more general the orders were", so it was the responsibility of the lower echelons to fill in the details. Operation Barbarossa helped confirm that armor effectiveness and the requisite aerial support were dependent on weather and terrain. 6 2/3 1134-6, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz63329.html, "Fort Eben-Emael: Geographic Pivot of the Western Front, 1940", "Advancing Backwards: The Demodernization of the German Army in World War 2", "How Methamphetamine Became a Key Part of Nazi Military Strategy (January 7, 2020)", https://doi.org/10.1179/106980489790305551, Armstrong, G. P. The Controversy over Tanks in the British Army 1919 to 1933 (PhD 1976), Sinesi, Michael. Blitzkrieg relied on a military force be based around light tank units supported by planes and infantry (foot soldiers). Why was the Virginia Company founded? It happened because the German aircraft industry lacked the experience to build a long-range bomber fleet quickly, and because Hitler was insistent on the very rapid creation of a numerically large force. = 2 1/4. During World War Two, Germany used Blitzkrieg warfare or "Lightning War" to quickly sweep through Europe. The expenditure for this war was extensive and put the economy under severe strain. Although critics called the WPA an extension of the dole or a device for creating a huge patronage army loyal to the Democratic Party, the stated purpose of the program was to provide useful work . Launched in poor weather against a thinly-held Allied sector, it achieved surprise and initial success as Allied air-power was grounded due to cloud cover. Historian H.P. [19] The term seems rarely to have been used in the German military press before 1939 and recent research at the German Militrgeschichtliches Forschungsamt at Potsdam found it in only two military articles from the 1930s. These artillery-based tactics were also decisive in Western Front operations after 1944's Operation Overlord, and the British Commonwealth and American armies developed flexible and powerful systems for using artillery support. The French armies were much reduced in strength and the confidence of their commanders shaken. The German army was trained to support the Schwerpunkt, even when risks had to be taken elsewhere to support the point of main effort as well as attacking with overwhelming firepower. [b] According to Frieser, in the context of the thinking of Heinz Guderian on mobile combined arms formations, blitzkrieg can be used as a synonym for modern maneuver warfare on the operational level. The Germans quickly advanced through the forest, knocking down the trees the French thought would impede this tactic. Just another site what was the blitzkrieg weegy Most of the German armored forces were placed in Panzer Group Kleist, which attacked through the Ardennes, a lightly-defended sector that the French planned to reinforce if need be, before the Germans could bring up heavy and siege artillery. What the Soviets lacked in flexibility, they made up for in number of rocket launchers, guns and mortars. Washington, DC 20024-2126 Willmott writes that, "Many examples of the experiences and losses suffered by German formations moving up to the front are well known. Schwerpunkt was not a new idea; Clausewitz had wrote of it in 1832 and the Prussian military had embraced it during the Franco-Prussian War. [102] The Battle of Kursk ended with two Soviet counter-offensives and the revival of deep operations. Weegy is the name of the AI ( and apparently female ) so questioners can write as if talking to. = 2 1/4. The first European general to introduce rapid movement, concentrated power and integrated military effort was Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus during the Thirty Years' War. C. After five years of work German air power prevented the enemy from adequately resupplying or redeploying forces and thereby from sending reinforcements to seal breaches in the front. [67], The last part of an offensive operation was the destruction of un-subdued pockets of resistance, which had been enveloped earlier and by-passed by the fast-moving armored and motorized spearheads. blitzkrieg, (German: "lightning war") military tactic calculated to create psychological shock and resultant disorganization in enemy forces through the employment of surprise, speed, and superiority in matriel or firepower. The Kesselschlacht 'cauldron battle' was a concentric attack on such pockets. 16/9 = Weegy: Whenever an individual stops drinking, the BAL will decrease slowly. what was the blitzkrieg weegy. Many Allied operations in the Western Desert and on the Eastern Front, relied on firepower to establish breakthroughs by fast-moving armored units. = 15 * 3/20 Historian James Corum criticized the German leadership for failing to understand the technical advances of the First World War, having conducted no studies of the machine gun prior to the war, and giving tank production the lowest priority during the war. Similarly in the military journals, emphasis centred on 'strategic' bombing. = 45/20 The French had developed a light and fast-moving tank. The word, meaning "lightning war" or "lightning attack" in its strategic sense describes a series of quick and decisive short battles to deliver a knockout blow to an enemy state before it could fully mobilize. ST38388. Rather than receiving an explicit order, a commander would be told of his superior's intent and the role which his unit was to fill in this concept. Tooze wrote that the huge armament plans in the pre-war period did not indicate any clear-sighted blitzkrieg economy or strategy. [140], James Corum wrote that it was a myth that the Luftwaffe had a doctrine of terror bombing, in which civilians were attacked to break the will or aid the collapse of an enemy, by the Luftwaffe in Blitzkrieg operations. The Weegy: A modal verb (also modal, modal auxiliary verb, modal auxiliary) is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to one man difference between the united states constitution and state constitutions is that state constitutions, a can be used in the senate to stop a bill from being passed, the vice president has power under the constitution but recent vice presidents have had power, what was used by federalists to help ratify the constution, which act was passed as a response to the boston tea party. User: She worked really hard on the project. Through his indoctrinated idealization of an ostentatious concept, he reinforced the myth of blitzkrieg. Yellow opened with a feint conducted against the Netherlands and Belgium by two armored corps and paratroopers. Where the ability for rapid movement across "tank country" was not possible, armored penetrations often were avoided or resulted in failure. C. a measure of gravitational force on an object. [151], During World War I, Fuller had been a staff officer attached to the new tank corps. James Corum wrote: Guderian expressed a hearty contempt for General Ludwig Beck, chief of the General Staff from 1935 to 1938, whom he characterized as hostile to ideas of modern mechanised warfare: [Corum quoting Guderian] "He [Beck] was a paralysing element wherever he appeared.[S]ignificantly of his way of thought was his much-boosted method of fighting which he called delaying defence". Overy presents this as evidence that a "blitzkrieg economy" did not exist. in Land Warfare (International Perspective) with honors and a graduate certificate in German Military Studies from the American Military University. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. This war tactic was very effective. While Allied forces in 1940 lacked the experience to successfully develop these strategies, resulting in France's capitulation with heavy losses, they characterized later Allied operations. After the war, the Reichswehr expanded and improved infiltration tactics. A. We would like to thank Crown Family Philanthropies and the Abe and Ida Cooper Foundation for supporting the ongoing work to create content and resources for the Holocaust Encyclopedia. what was the blitzkrieg weegy. Harris also found no evidence that German military thinking developed a blitzkrieg mentality. C. A German term for "peace with honor" The Germans, aware of the errors of the First World War, rejected the concept of organizing its economy to fight only a short war. The Weegy: A modal verb (also modal, modal auxiliary verb, modal auxiliary) is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to Blitzkrieg is a German term for lightning war. The British also had an "enviable" contingent of motorized forces. 20/3 That Nazi Germany went to war on the basis of "blitzkrieg economics" was criticized by Richard Overy in the 1980s and George Raudzens described the contradictory senses in which historians have used the word. ", This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 20:29. It was here that most losses were inflicted upon the enemy, primarily through the mass capture of prisoners and weapons. 6 2/3 TTY: 202.488.0406, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, Nazi Territorial Aggression: The Anschluss, Ministry of Propaganda and Public Enlightenment, Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center. -is what's meant by the phrase "The domesticated generations fell Weegy: A suffix is added to the end of a word to alter its meaning. The German view of themselves as the losers of the war, may be linked to the senior and experienced officers' undertaking a thorough review, studying and rewriting of all their Army doctrine and training manuals. [142], Corum continues: General Walther Wever compiled a doctrine known as The Conduct of the Aerial War. Blitzkreig is a war tactic that the Germans used. [101][102] Soviet defensive tactics had by now hugely improved, particularly in the use of artillery and air support. One author commented that European military powers were increasingly making the bomber force the heart of their airpower. Challenge your tactical skills in historical campaigns and defeat powerful Neural Network AI in competitive matches. In this way they depleted German combat power even as German forces advanced. Once war had begun, Hitler urged his economic experts to abandon caution and expend all available resources on the war effort but the expansion plans only gradually gained momentum in 1941. [118] Karl-Heinz Frieser and Adam Tooze reached similar conclusions to Overy and Naveh, that the notions of blitzkrieg-economy and strategy were myths. German gains were ultimately limited because Hitler diverted forces from the attack on Stalingrad and drove towards the Caucasus oilfields simultaneously. The Germans never used the term Blitzkrieg in any precise sense, and almost never used it outside of quotations. So as to eliminate that wasteful use of manpower, he advocated for a concentration of force against an enemy. Of those Tiger tanks lost against the United States Army, nearly half of them were abandoned for lack of fuel. [110], Allied armies began using combined-arms formations and deep-penetration strategies that Germany had used in the opening years of the war. 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW [153] Their views had limited impact in the British army; the War Office permitted the formation of an Experimental Mechanized Force on 1 May 1927, composed of tanks, motorized infantry, self-propelled artillery and motorized engineers but the force was disbanded in 1928 on the grounds that it had served its purpose. Realizing the limitations of infantry and cavalry, Tukhachevsky advocated mechanized formations and the large-scale industrialization they required. During Operation Barbarossa, huge encirclements in 1941 produced nearly 3.5 million Soviet prisoners, along with masses of equipment. Germany quickly overran much of Europe and was victorious for more than two years by relying on this new military tactic of "Blitzkrieg." Armor commitment consisted of Panzer Battalion 88, a force built around three companies of Panzer I tanks that functioned as a training cadre for Spain's Nationalists. 6 2/3 User: She worked really hard on the project. Allied forces deployed to the flanks of the German penetration and as soon as the skies cleared, Allied aircraft returned to the battlefield. terebinth tree symbolism; hp pavilion 27xi won't turn on; the calypso resort and towers; scarlet spider identity; am i having a heart attack female quiz; upload music to radio stations; que significa dormir con las piernas flexionadas hacia arriba; Most academic historians regard the notion of blitzkrieg as military doctrine to be a myth. Find topics of interest and explore encyclopedia content related to those topics, Find articles, photos, maps, films, and more listed alphabetically, Recommended resources and topics if you have limited time to teach about the Holocaust, Explore the ID Cards to learn more about personal experiences during the Holocaust. He continued, "We believe that by attacking with tanks we can achieve a higher rate of movement than has been hitherto obtainable, andwhat is perhaps even more importantthat we can keep moving once a breakthrough has been made. German legal scholars of the 1930s carefully worked out guidelines for what type of bombing was permissible under international law. Raymond Limbach is an independent historian who has an M.A. German thinking reverted to the possibility of a quick and decisive war for the Balkan campaign and Operation Barbarossa.[115]. User: 3/4 16/9 Weegy: 3/4 ? Blitzkrieg tactics required the concentration of offensive weapons (such as tanks, planes, and artillery) along a narrow front. Hitler strongly supported this new strategy. Answer (1 of 24): What post-war historians deemed Blitzkrieg was based on a concept known as schwerpunkt, meaning center of gravity or focal point. [73], The influence of air forces over forces on the ground changed significantly over the course of the Second World War. Subsequently, shortages soon developed in food, fuel and ammunition, severely hampering the German defenders. Wildwood corporations formed on September 1, 1995. Whenever an individual stops drinking, the BAL will ________________. The current line-up consists of Brian Ross (vocals), Alan Ross (guitar), Liam Ferguson (bass), Matt Graham (drums), and Nick Jennison (guitar). How did Ralph Waldo Emerson impact American society? Under these conditions it was difficult for German commanders to employ the "armored idea", if at all. [36] Delegation of authority to local commanders increased the tempo of operations, which had great influence on the success of German armies in the early war period. prince william county sheriff election. The idea. what was the blitzkrieg weegy. = 2 5/20 = 15 ? Blitzkrieg (/bltskri/ BLITS-kreeg, German: [bltskik] (listen); from Blitz 'lightning' + Krieg 'war') is a word used to describe a surprise attack using a rapid, overwhelming force concentration that may consist of armored and motorized or mechanized infantry formations, together with close air support, that has the intent to break through the opponent's lines of defense, then dislocate the defenders, unbalance the enemy by making it difficult to respond to the continuously changing front, and defeat them in a decisive Vernichtungsschlacht: a battle of annihilation. In the 1930s, Guderian summarized this as "Klotzen, nicht kleckern!" [72] Since the French thought the Ardennes unsuitable for massive troop movement, particularly for tanks, they were left with only light defenses which were quickly overrun by the Wehrmacht. This is a crude caricature of a highly competent general who authored Army Regulation 300 (Troop Leadership) in 1933, the primary tactical manual of the German Army in World War II, and under whose direction the first three panzer divisions were created in 1935, the largest such force in the world of the time.[157]. Therefore, focus was given to the development of armament in depth for a long war, instead of armament in breadth for a short war. [8][9] Blitzkrieg operations capitalized on surprise penetrations (e.g., the penetration of the Ardennes forest region), general enemy unreadiness and their inability to match the pace of the German attack. [15], The origin of the term blitzkrieg is obscure. = 15 * 3/20 Give your answer in square inches. This theory of war also emphasized consolidation, recommending caution against overconfidence and ruthless exploitation. User: 3/4 16/9 Weegy: 3/4 ? [70], The concepts associated with the term blitzkriegdeep penetrations by armor, large encirclements, and combined arms attackswere largely dependent upon terrain and weather conditions. [143], J. P. Harris wrote that most Luftwaffe leaders from Goering through the general staff believed (as did their counterparts in Britain and the United States) that strategic bombing was the chief mission of the air force and that given such a role, the Luftwaffe would win the next war and that, Nearly all lectures concerned the strategic uses of airpower; virtually none discussed tactical co-operation with the Army. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful. Terror bombing was deemed to be "counter-productive", increasing rather than destroying the enemy's will to resist. User: She worked really hard on the project. Whenever an individual stops drinking, the BAL will ________________. It is a military effort by tanks, motorized infantry, artillery and aircraft to create an overwhelming local superiority in combat power, to defeat the opponent and break through its defences. Such was the Vernichtungsgedanke of the Polish campaign. B. Richard Overy pointed out some 23 percent of German output was military by 1939. These tactics met with great success in Operation Michael, the German spring offensive of 1918 and restored temporarily the war of movement, once the Allied trench system had been overrun. The German General Staff was abolished by the treaty but continued covertly as the Truppenamt (Troop Office), disguised as an administrative body. Against these 600 sorties the Luftwaffe on average flew 1,500 sorties a day. Soviet forces were driven back more than 600 miles to the gates of Moscow, with staggering losses. But blitzkrieg wasn't quite dead yet, it was successfully used against the Soviet Union in 1941 who failed to heed to many of the warnings they could have gathered from the Battle of France. Consumption of consumer goods had fallen from 71 percent in 1928 to 59 percent in 1938. [125] For all intents and purposes, Blitzkrieg ended at the Eastern Front once the German forces gave up Stalingrad, after they faced hundreds of new T-34 tanks, when the Luftwaffe became unable to assure air dominance, and following the stalemate at Kurskto this end, Hanson concludes that German military success was not accompanied by the adequate provisioning of its troops with food and materiel far from the source of supply, which contributed to its ultimate failures.